Credits:

footprintDB is developed by Alvaro Sebastian Yague and Bruno Contreras Moreira and it is maintained at the Computational & Structural Biology group (Zaragoza, Spain), with funding from ARAID, CSIC and the 2008 Euro Research Program [EUI2008-03612].

If you use this resource we ask you to cite the following paper:


and the original data sources from footprintDB:
  • Matys V, Fricke E, Geffers R, Gössling E, Haubrock M, Hehl R, Hornischer K, Karas D, Kel A.E, Kel-Margoulis O.V, Kloos D.U, Land S, Lewicki-Potapov B, Michael H, Münch R, Reuter I, Rotert S, Saxel H, Scheer M, Thiele S, Wingender E. TRANSFAC: transcriptional regulation, from patterns to profiles. Nucleic acids research 31:374-8 (2003). [Pubmed]
  • Salgado H, Peralta-Gil M, Gama-Castro S, Santos-Zavaleta A, Muniz-Rascado L, Garcia-Sotelo JS, Weiss V, Solano-Lira H, Martinez-Flores I, Medina-Rivera A, Salgado-Osorio G, Alquicira-Hernandez S, Alquicira-Hernandez K, Lopez-Fuentes A, Porron-Sotelo L, Huerta AM, Bonavides-Martinez C, Balderas-Martinez YI, Pannier L, Olvera M, Labastida A, Jimenez-Jacinto V, Vega-Alvarado L, Del Moral-Chavez V, Hernandez-Alvarez A, Morett E, Collado-Vides J. RegulonDB v8.0: omics data sets, evolutionary conservation, regulatory phrases, cross-validated gold standards and more. Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jan 1;41(D1):D203-D213. [Pubmed]
  • Contreras-Moreira B. 3D-footprint: a database for the structural analysis of protein-DNA complexes. Nucleic acids research 38:D91-7 (2010). [Pubmed]
  • Hume MA, Barrera LA, Gisselbrecht SS, Bulyk ML. UniPROBE, update 2015: new tools and content for the online database of protein-binding microarray data on protein-DNA interactions. Nucleic Acids Res : (2015). [Pubmed]
  • Down T.A, Bergman C.M, Su J, Hubbard T.J. Large-scale discovery of promoter motifs in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS computational biology 3:e7 (2007). [Pubmed]
  • Bulow L, Engelmann S, Schindler M, Hehl R. AthaMap, integrating transcriptional and post-transcriptional data. Nucleic acids research 37:D983-6 (2009). [Pubmed]
  • Sierro N, Makita Y, de Hoon M, Nakai K. DBTBS: a database of transcriptional regulation in Bacillus subtilis containing upstream intergenic conservation information. Nucleic acids research 36:D93-6 (2008). [Pubmed]
  • Jolma A, Yan J, Whitington T, Toivonen J, Nitta KR, Rastas P, Morgunova E, Enge M, Taipale M, Wei G, Palin K, Vaquerizas JM, Vincentelli R, Luscombe NM, Hughes TR, Lemaire P, Ukkonen E, Kivioja T, Taipale J. DNA-Binding Specificities of Human Transcription Factors. Cell. 2013 Jan 17;152(1-2):327-39. [Pubmed]
  • Kulakovskiy IV, Vorontsov IE, Yevshin IS, Soboleva AV, Kasianov AS, Ashoor H, Ba-Alawi W, Bajic VB, Medvedeva YA, Kolpakov FA, Makeev VJ. HOCOMOCO: expansion and enhancement of the collection of transcription factor binding sites models. Nucleic Acids Res : (2016). [Pubmed]
  • Franco-Zorrilla J.M, López-Vidriero I, Carrasco J.L, Godoy M, Vera P, Solano R. DNA-binding specificities of plant transcription factors and their potential to define target genes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America : (2014). [Pubmed]
  • Enuameh MS et al (2013) Global analysis of Drosophila Cys2-His2 zinc finger proteins reveals a multitude of novel recognition motifs and binding determinants. Genome Res. 23(6):928-40. doi: 10.1101/gr.151472.112 [Pubmed]
  • Kelemen Z., Sebastian A., Xu W., Grain D., Salsac F., Avon A., Berger N., Tran J., Dubrecq B., Lurin C., Lepiniec L., Contreras-Moreira B., Dubos C. Analysis of the DNA-Binding Activities of the Arabidopsis R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor Family by One-Hybrid Experiments in Yeast. PLoS One 10, e0141044 (2015). [Pubmed]
  • Weirauch MT, Yang A, Albu M, Cote AG, Montenegro-Montero A, Drewe P, Najafabadi HS, Lambert SA, Mann I, Cook K, Zheng H, Goity A, van Bakel H, Lozano JC, Galli M, Lewsey MG, Huang E, Mukherjee T, Chen X, Reece-Hoyes JS, Govindarajan S, Shaulsky G, et al. Determination and inference of eukaryotic transcription factor sequence specificity. Cell. 2014 Sep 11;158(6):1431-43. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.08.009. [Pubmed]
  • Jolma A, Yin Y, Nitta KR, Dave K, Popov A, Taipale M, Enge M, Kivioja T, Morgunova E, Taipale J. DNA-dependent formation of transcription factor pairs alters their binding specificity. Nature 527:384-8 (2015). [Pubmed]
  • Isakova A, Groux R, Imbeault M, Rainer P, Alpern D, Dainese R, Ambrosini G, Trono D, Bucher P, Deplancke B. SMiLE-seq identifies binding motifs of single and dimeric transcription factors. Nat Methods 14:316-322 (2017). [Pubmed]
  • Yin Y, Morgunova E, Jolma A, Kaasinen E, Sahu B, Khund-Sayeed S, Das PK, Kivioja T, Dave K, Zhong F, Nitta KR, Taipale M, Popov A, Ginno PA, Domcke S, Yan J, Schübeler D, Vinson C, Taipale J. Impact of cytosine methylation on DNA binding specificities of human transcription factors. Science : (2017). [Pubmed]
  • Najafabadi HS, Mnaimneh S, Schmitges FW, Garton M, Lam KN, Yang A, Albu M, Weirauch MT, Radovani E, Kim PM, Greenblatt J, Frey BJ, Hughes TR. C2H2 zinc finger proteins greatly expand the human regulatory lexicon. Nat Biotechnol 33:555-62 (2015). [Pubmed]
  • Rauluseviciute I, Riudavets-Puig R, Blanc-Mathieu R, Castro-Mondragon JA, Ferenc K, Kumar V, Lemma RB, Lucas J, Cheneby J, Baranasic D, Khan A, Fornes O, Gundersen S, Johansen M, Hovig E, Lenhard B, Sandelin A, Wasserman WW, Parcy F, Mathelier A. JASPAR 2024: 20th anniversary of the open-access database of transcription factor binding profiles. Nucleic Acids Res : (2023). [Pubmed]
  • O'Malley RC, Huang SS, Song L, Lewsey MG, Bartlett A, Nery JR, Galli M, Gallavotti A, Ecker JR. Cistrome and Epicistrome Features Shape the Regulatory DNA Landscape. Cell 165:1280-92 (2016). [Pubmed]
  • Contreras-Moreira B, Sebastian A. FootprintDB: Analysis of Plant Cis-Regulatory Elements, Transcription Factors, and Binding Interfaces. Methods Mol Biol 1482:259-77 (2016) [Pubmed]


footprintDB relies on several valuable resources like the Protein Data Bank, SCOP, Superfamily, Pfam, BLAST, HMMER, MAMMOTH, STAMP, WEBLOGO, TFmodeller, PubMed, R and RSA-tools.


Should you have any questions regarding footprintDB, please get in touch at compbioeead.csic.es

Disclaimer and license

These data are available AS IS and at your own risk. The EEAD/CSIC do not give any representation or warranty nor assume any liability or responsibility for the data nor the results posted (whether as to their accuracy, completeness, quality or otherwise). Access to these data is available free of charge for ordinary use in the course of research. Downloaded data have CC-BY-NC-SA license. FootprintDB is also available at RSAT::Plants, part of the INB/ELIXIR-ES resources portfolio.